Stainless Steel

You can find different topics about stainless steel in this page and bellow here are some informations about those topics.

 

 

Stainless steel is a kind of steel which contains minimum %10.5 chromium in it. This chromium element keeps steel stain proof by making an chromium-oxide plate on the surface of the materials. This surface can not be seen by eyes but this is the reason why stainless steel is stain proof. Stainless is stain proof material and these property can be made stronger by adding different elements to steel. Most widely used element is nickel and another very common element is molibdenium. Combination of all these elements makes stainless steel more stronger in corrosion resistance in hard enviroments.
There are five different stainless steel classes in all around the world. Most widely used stainless steel class is Austenitic stainless steel class. Austenitic materials are used in %70 of the stainless steel applications and all 200 and 300 series of stainless steel grades are in this class of stainless steel. Another widely used stainless steel class is ferritic stainless steels. Martensitic stainless steel is another class of stainless and these class is famaus because of its heat threatment capability. Duplex and precipitation hardening stainless steels are also very famous stainless steel classes.

There are alot of different stainless steel standarts which indicates the same stainless steel grade. For example, AISI 304 stainless steel is also same with 1.4301 and this is also same with  X5CrNi18-10. All these names shows the same stainless steel grade but in different countries standarts. Most widely used four standarts are: EN standard steel no, EN standard steel name, SAE grade and UNS. There are also some different standards which bellong to different countries. Here you can find some different stainless steel grades in different standards.

 

Stainless Steel Standards

GRADE (AISI) MATERIAL NUMBER GRADE (EN)
303 1.4305 X8CrNiS18-9
304 1.4301 X5CrNi18-10
304L 1.4307 X2CrNi18-9
316 1.4401 X5CrNiMo17-12-2
316L 1.4404 X2CrNiMo17-12-2
316Ti 1.4571 X6CrMoTi17-12-2
310 / 310 s 1.4845 X8CrNi25-21
420 1.4021 X20Cr13
420 1.4028 X30Cr13
420 1.4034 X46Cr13
440M 1.4116N -
431 1.4057 X17CrNi16-2
430 1.4016 X6Cr17
430F 1.4105 X6CrMoS17
2205 - F51 1.4462 (Duplex) X2CrNiMoN22-5-3
4418 1.4418 X4CrNiMo16-5-1
630 (17-4 PH) 1.4542 X5CrNiCuNb16-4
904L 1.4539 X1NiCrMoCu25-20-5
321 1.4541 X6CrNiTi18-10
316ESR / 316LVM 1.4441 X2CrNiMo18-15-3
416 1.4005 X12CrS13
410 1.4006 X12Cr13
420 F 1.4029 X29CrS13
4104 1.4104 X14CrMoS17
316L 1.4435 X2CrNiMo18-14-3
430Nb 1.4511 X3CrNb17
303 Cu 1.4570 X6CrNiCuS18-9-2
440B 1.4112 X90CrMoV18
440C 1.4125 X105CrMo17

 

Stainless steel production is a very long process and there are nearly more then 100 steps to produce a stainless steel final product. Bellow you can find some of the production steps in schematic view. The process starts with scrap material and it finishes wih blooms. (Which then heated and re-shaped for the final product)

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